Which is more efficient in propelling intestinal contents along the digestive tract: peristalsis or segmentation? It has four parts- cardiac, fundus, body and pyloric portion. The thin filaments are anchored to dense bodies. In turn, the digestive system provides the nutrients to fuel endocrine function. Once food products enter the small intestine, the gallbladder, liver, and pancreas release secretionssuch as bile and enzymesessential for digestion to continue. 1999-2023, Rice University. The digestive system is responsible for the ingestion and digestion of dietary substances, the absorption of nutrients, and the elimination of waste products. The third layer of the alimentary canal is the muscularis (also called the muscularis externa). (d) The shells are then connected to each other by a metal wire. Even more severe peritonitis is associated with bacterial infections seen with appendicitis, colonic diverticulitis, and pelvic inflammatory disease (infection of uterine tubes, usually by sexually transmitted bacteria). The serosa is a serous membrane that covers the muscularis externa of the digestive tract in the peritoneal cavity. The visceral peritoneum includes multiple large folds that envelope various abdominal organs, holding them to the dorsal surface of the body wall. The mucosae (singular: mucosa) are highly specialized in each organ of the gastrointestinal tract in order to deal with different digestive tract conditions. They transport the protein and carbohydrate nutrients absorbed by mucosal cells after food is digested in the lumen. As its name implies, the submucosa lies immediately beneath the mucosa. Describe the orientation of smooth muscle fibers in the muscularis externa of the digestive tract. It is made up of three layers: the epithelium, lamina propria, and muscularis mucosae. A. Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, and serosa. the epithelium is simple columnar, and is organized into gastric pits and glands to deal with secretion. From the inside out they are called the mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, and serosa. Lamina propriaIn addition to loose connective tissue, the lamina propria contains numerous blood and lymphatic vessels that transport nutrients absorbed through the alimentary canal to other parts of the body. As its name implies, the submucosa lies immediately beneath the mucosa. Arteries supply the digestive organs with oxygen and processed nutrients, and veins drain the digestive tract. The membrane consists of epithelium, which is in direct contact with ingested food, and the lamina propria, a layer of connective tissue analogous to the dermis. What are the primary digestive functions of the gallbladder and pancreas? An ulcer is something that's eroded through the epithelium of the wall. The mucosa is a mucous membrane that lines the inside of the digestive tract from mouth to anus. Along the way, note how the food changes consistency and form. It is made of: epithelium; lamina propria Imagine a sheet of material just one layer of atoms thickless than a millionth . The four layers of the alimentary or digestive tract are listed as: Serosa: It is formed of the mesothelium and is found at the exterior part of the canal. Name the three regions of the small intestine from proximal to distal. Identify the segments of the large intestine and the four regions of the colon. Lipids are absorbed via lacteals, tiny structures of the lymphatic system. What is the importance of the mesenteries? When your great grandparents and even your parents were young, the mortality from peritonitis was high. Most of the operating systems installed on personal computers come with several client processes, but normally no server processes. When your great grandparents and even your parents were young, the mortality from peritonitis was high. The digestive tract, from the esophagus to the anus, is characterized by a wall with four layers, or tunics. Accessory digestive organs, despite their name, are critical to the function of the digestive system. As soon as food enters the mouth, it is detected by receptors that send impulses along the sensory neurons of cranial nerves. Contribution of Other Body Systems to the Digestive System. Also called the gastrointestinal (GI) tract or gut, the alimentary canal (aliment- = to nourish) is a one-way tube about 7.62 meters (25 feet) in length during life and closer to 10.67 meters (35 feet) in length when measured after death, once smooth muscle tone is lost. In addition, the mucosa has a thin, smooth muscle layer, called the muscularis mucosae (not to be confused with the muscularis layer, described below). Muscularis: composed of two layers of muscle tissue. Helping them along the way are the pancreas, gall bladder and liver. Left, right, caudate, and quadrate lobes. Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance, Lindsay M. Biga, Sierra Dawson, Amy Harwell, Robin Hopkins, Joel Kaufmann, Mike LeMaster, Philip Matern, Katie Morrison-Graham, Devon Quick & Jon Runyeon, Next: 23.2 Digestive System Processes and Regulation, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, Blood supplies digestive organs with oxygen and processed nutrients; absorption of nutrients, Endocrine hormones help regulate secretion in digestive glands and accessory organs, Skin helps protect digestive organs and synthesizes vitamin D for calcium absorption, Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue and other lymphatic tissue defend against entry of pathogens; lacteals absorb lipids; and lymphatic vessels transport lipids to bloodstream, Skeletal muscles support and protect abdominal organs, Sensory and motor neurons help regulate secretions and muscle contractions in the digestive tract, Respiratory organs provide oxygen and remove carbon dioxide, Bones help protect and support digestive organs, Kidneys convert vitamin D into its active form, allowing calcium absorption in the small intestine, Apron-like structure that lies superficial to the small intestine and transverse colon; a site of fat deposition in people who are overweight, Anchors the liver to the anterior abdominal wall and inferior border of the diaphragm, Suspends the stomach from the inferior border of the liver; provides a pathway for structures connecting to the liver, Vertical band of tissue anterior to the lumbar vertebrae and anchoring all of the small intestine except the initial portion (the duodenum), Attaches two portions of the large intestine (the transverse and sigmoid colon) to the posterior abdominal wall, Describe the organs of the alimentary canal from proximal to distal, and briefly state their function, Identify the accessory digestive organs and briefly state their function, Describe the four fundamental tissue layers of the alimentary canal and the function of each layer, Contrast the contributions of the enteric and autonomic nervous systems to digestive system functioning, Explain how the peritoneum anchors the digestive organs. June 30, 2022 . This process of rapid renewal helps preserve the health of the alimentary canal, despite the wear and tear resulting from continued contact with foodstuffs. Contains the submucosal enteric neural plexus that controls GI secretions and localized blood flow. EpitheliumIn the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, and anal canal, the epithelium is primarily a non-keratinized, stratified squamous epithelium. When viewed from above, because of internal reflection, the light source makes a disc of light on the water's surface. There are four layers making up our atmosphere: The troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere and thermosphere. These folds dramatically increase the surface area available for digestion and absorption. FormalPara Learning Outcomes . It is composed of simple columnar epithelium or stratified squamous epithelium. There are two types of epithelial membranes, mucous membrane and serous membrane. are licensed under a, Structural Organization of the Human Body, Elements and Atoms: The Building Blocks of Matter, Inorganic Compounds Essential to Human Functioning, Organic Compounds Essential to Human Functioning, Nervous Tissue Mediates Perception and Response, Diseases, Disorders, and Injuries of the Integumentary System, Exercise, Nutrition, Hormones, and Bone Tissue, Calcium Homeostasis: Interactions of the Skeletal System and Other Organ Systems, Embryonic Development of the Axial Skeleton, Development and Regeneration of Muscle Tissue, Interactions of Skeletal Muscles, Their Fascicle Arrangement, and Their Lever Systems, Axial Muscles of the Head, Neck, and Back, Axial Muscles of the Abdominal Wall, and Thorax, Muscles of the Pectoral Girdle and Upper Limbs, Appendicular Muscles of the Pelvic Girdle and Lower Limbs, Basic Structure and Function of the Nervous System, Circulation and the Central Nervous System, Divisions of the Autonomic Nervous System, Organs with Secondary Endocrine Functions, Development and Aging of the Endocrine System, The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation, Blood Flow, Blood Pressure, and Resistance, Homeostatic Regulation of the Vascular System, Development of Blood Vessels and Fetal Circulation, Anatomy of the Lymphatic and Immune Systems, Barrier Defenses and the Innate Immune Response, The Adaptive Immune Response: T lymphocytes and Their Functional Types, The Adaptive Immune Response: B-lymphocytes and Antibodies, Diseases Associated with Depressed or Overactive Immune Responses, Energy, Maintenance, and Environmental Exchange, Organs and Structures of the Respiratory System, Embryonic Development of the Respiratory System, Digestive System Processes and Regulation, Accessory Organs in Digestion: The Liver, Pancreas, and Gallbladder, Chemical Digestion and Absorption: A Closer Look, Regulation of Fluid Volume and Composition, Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance, Human Development and the Continuity of Life, Anatomy and Physiology of the Testicular Reproductive System, Anatomy and Physiology of the Ovarian Reproductive System, Development of the Male and Female Reproductive Systems, Changes During Pregnancy, Labor, and Birth, Adjustments of the Infant at Birth and Postnatal Stages. Contains many glands which open into the lumen by way of ducts. An abdominal series provides valuable information as to the presence of free intra- or retroperitoneal air. Chemical peritonitis can develop any time the wall of the alimentary canal is breached, allowing the contents of the lumen entry into the peritoneal cavity. Except where otherwise noted, textbooks on this site The gallbladder releases bile, which is responsible as a buffer and emulsification, while the pancreas provides enzymes that break down starches, lipids, nucleic acids & proteins. By the end of this section, you will be able to: The function of the digestive system is to break down the foods you eat, release their nutrients, and absorb those nutrients into the body. Muscularis: voluntary swallowing 4. This layer comes in direct contact with digested food (chyme). Specifically, the more anterior parts of the alimentary canal are supplied with blood by arteries branching off the aortic arch and thoracic aorta. Since it lacks sarcomeres, it is nonstriated. It plays a primary role in the digestion of food and is also called the digestive tract. Interspersed among its epithelial cells are goblet cells, which secrete mucus and fluid into the lumen, and enteroendocrine cells, which secrete hormones into the interstitial spaces between cells. The digestive tract, from the esophagus to the anus, is characterized by a wall with four layers, or tunics. The wall of the alimentary canal has four basic tissue layers: the mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, and serosa. describe the four layers of the gi tract There are 4 layers in gastrointestinal tract: from inside to outside these are mucosa, submucosa, muscular layer and serosa. Quiz: Function of the Digestive System. Epithelial cells have a very brief lifespan, averaging from only a couple of days (in the mouth) to about a week (in the gut). Accessory digestive organs comprise the second group and are critical for orchestrating the breakdown of food and the assimilation of its nutrients into the body. The LibreTexts libraries arePowered by NICE CXone Expertand are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. Contains the submucosal enteric neural plexus that controls GI secretions and localized blood flow, David N. Shier, Jackie L. Butler, Ricki Lewis, Charles Welsh, Cynthia Prentice-Craver, David Shier, Jackie Butler, Ricki Lewis, Hole's Essentials of Human Anatomy and Physiology, David Shier, Jackie Butler, John Hole, Ricki Lewis. The abdominal cavity contains the stomach, small intestine, large intestine, liver, spleen, and pancreas. Explain how the displacement current maintains the continuity of current in a circuit containing a capacitor. Once food products enter the small intestine, the gallbladder, liver, and pancreas release secretionssuch as bile and enzymesessential for digestion to continue. In the mouth and pharynx, it consists of skeletal muscle that aids in swallowing. from your Reading List will also remove any These enteric neurons are grouped into two plexuses. Note that during fetal development, certain digestive structures, including the first portion of the small intestine (called the duodenum), the pancreas, and portions of the large intestine (the ascending and descending colon, and the rectum) remain completely or partially posterior to the peritoneum. It can also determine the presence of small or large bowel obstruction, air fluid levels, pneumobilia or the presence of intramural air in bowel loops as well as in the gall bladder or urinary bladder. { "22.5A:_Mucosa" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "22.5B:_Submucosa" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "22.5C:_Muscularis" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "22.5D:_Serosa" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()" }, { "00:_Front_Matter" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "22.01:_Overview_of_the_Digestive_System" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "22.02:_Nervous_System_of_the_Digestive_System" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "22.03:_The_Peritoneum" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "22.04:_The_Alimentary_Canal" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "22.05:_Layers_of_the_Alimentary_Canal" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "22.07:_The_Liver" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "22.08:_The_Gallbladder" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "22.09:_The_Pancreas" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "22.10:_The_Small_Intestine" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "22.11:_The_Large_Intestine" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "22.12:_Chemical_Digestion" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "22.13:_Absorption" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "22.14:_Phases_of_Digestion" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "22.6:_The_Stomach" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "zz:_Back_Matter" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()" }, [ "article:topic", "license:ccbysa", "showtoc:no" ], https://med.libretexts.org/@app/auth/3/login?returnto=https%3A%2F%2Fmed.libretexts.org%2FBookshelves%2FAnatomy_and_Physiology%2FAnatomy_and_Physiology_(Boundless)%2F22%253A_Digestive_System%2F22.05%253A_Layers_of_the_Alimentary_Canal%2F22.5A%253A_Mucosa, \( \newcommand{\vecs}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}}}\) \( \newcommand{\vecd}[1]{\overset{-\!-\!\rightharpoonup}{\vphantom{a}\smash{#1}}} \)\(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\) \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\) \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\) \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\) \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\)\(\newcommand{\AA}{\unicode[.8,0]{x212B}}\), status page at https://status.libretexts.org, Describe the structure and function of the mucosa of the GI tract. The four major layers of the GI tract are: the innermost layer is the mucosa, next to it is the submucosa, then comes the muscular View the full answer Transcribed image text: Describe the four major layers of the GI tract that are found from esophagus to anus. It is part of the digestive tract, located between the esophagus and the duodenum. Although the small intestine is the workhorse of the system, where the majority of digestion occurs, and where most of the released nutrients are absorbed into the blood or lymph, each of the digestive system organs makes a vital contribution to this process (Figure 23.2). The fibers lie parallel, in a longitudinal view of the digestive tract, the fibers of the superficial circular layer appear as round balls, the fibers of the deep longitudinal layer are spindle-shaped. Despite the fact that people use it on a daily basis, most people only have a basic understanding of what it is and how it works. This season, you are right on trend if you explore the depths and layers of this often overlooked color. Are you sure you want to remove #bookConfirmation# Blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves (all supplying the . The blood vessels second function is to supply the organs of the alimentary canal with the nutrients and oxygen needed to drive their cellular processes. A few milliliters of watery fluid act as a lubricant to minimize friction between the serosal surfaces of the peritoneum. Each accessory digestive organ aids in the breakdown of food (Figure 23.1.2). What structure marks the division between the left and right lobe of the liver? The wall of the alimentary canal is composed of four basic tissue layers: mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, and serosa. Of these, eugenol, had an EC50 of 1.3 M against EBOV and is present in several plants including clove, cinnamon, basil and bay. Lamina propriaIn addition to loose connective tissue, the lamina propria contains numerous blood and lymphatic vessels that transport nutrients absorbed through the alimentary canal to other parts of the body. Also present are goblet cells and endocrine cells. Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.orgor check out our status page at https://status.libretexts.org. Four compounds possessed EC50 values less than or equal to 11 M. bookmarked pages associated with this title. Choose a modest trial pack with just two or four candies if you want to try these gummies out quickly. The digestive organs within the abdominal cavity are held in place by the peritoneum, a broad serous membranous sac made up of squamous epithelial tissue surrounded by connective tissue. In electrostatic equilibrium, what is the charge on (a) the outer surface of the inner shell, (b) the inner surface of the outer shell, and (c) the outer surface of the outer shell? 22.5A: Mucosa is shared under a CC BY-SA license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by LibreTexts. Describe the structure and function of the pharynx. secretory function in stomach. The gustatory system or sense of taste is the sensory system that is partially responsible for the perception of taste (flavor). What is the importance of the mesenteries? Additionally, it serves as a conduit for a dense branching network of nerves, the submucosal plexus, which functions as described below. The main function of the organs of the alimentary canal is to nourish the body by digesting food and absorbing released nutrients. The Cardiovascular System: The Heart, Chapter 20. A team of researchers from the Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA) and the Weizmann Institute of Science has studied what happens when they layer four sheets of it on top of each other and how this can lead to new forms of exotic superconductivity. The mucosa of the remainder of the GI tract is a delicate layer of simple columnar epithelium designed for absorption and secretion. The basic two-layer structure found in the small intestine is modified in the organs proximal and distal to it. Describe the formation and structures of the 'generalised' body wall 2. It lines the lumen of the digestive tract. This venous network takes the blood into the liver where the nutrients are either processed or stored for later use. The muscularis mucosae is a thin layer of smooth muscle and its function is still under debate. Starting from the lumen and moving outwards, these layers are the mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, and serosa, which is continuous with the mesentery (see Figure 23.1.2). 2023 Course Hero, Inc. All rights reserved. The stomach is equipped for its churning function by the addition of a third layer, the oblique muscle. In the most proximal and distal regions of the alimentary canal, including the mouth, pharynx, anterior part of the esophagus, and external anal sphincter, the muscularis is made up of skeletal muscle, which gives you voluntary control over swallowing and defecation. It includes blood and lymphatic vessels (which transport absorbed nutrients), and a scattering of submucosal glands that release digestive secretions. Along the way, note how the food changes consistency and form. The serosa is the portion of the alimentary canal superficial to the muscularis. Mucosa - 2. Stratified Squamous epithelium for protection against friction and abrasion. If $V$ equals a constant throughout a given region of space what can you say about $\mathrm{E}$ in that region? The hard palate, a bony structure, forms the roof of the mouth. For example, when an ulcer perforates the stomach wall, gastric juices spill into the peritoneal cavity. Blood vessels and lymphatic vessels present in this layer provide nutrients to the epithelial layer, distribute hormones produced in the epithelium, and absorb end products of digestion from the lumen. Lecture 6: Anatomy of the Body Wall Learning Objectives 1. The structure of these layers varies, in different regions of the digestive system, depending on their function. Bone Tissue and the Skeletal System, Chapter 12. The mucosa is the innermost layer, and functions in absorption and secretion. secretory and absorptive functions in small intestine and large intestine. Differentiate between the primary dentition and the secondary dentition. At the same time, the digestive system provides nutrients to the heart muscle and vascular tissue to support their functioning. The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is composed of four layers of tissue, known as tunics. In the stomach. The veins that collect nutrient-rich blood from the small intestine (where most absorption occurs) empty into the hepatic portal system. Section of duodenum: This image shows the layers of the duodenum: the serosa, muscularis, submucosa, and mucosa. They transport the protein and carbohydrate nutrients absorbed by mucosal cells after food is digested in the lumen. The five major peritoneal folds are described in Table 23.2. Answer and Explanation: 1. 1. June 14, 2022; park city pickleball tournament . Within the mouth, the teeth and tongue begin mechanical digestion, whereas the salivary glands begin chemical digestion. Intrinsic innervation of much of the alimentary canal is provided by the enteric nervous system, which runs from the esophagus to the anus, and contains approximately 100 million motor, sensory, and interneurons (unique to this system compared to all other parts of the peripheral nervous system). Also called the gastrointestinal (GI) tract or gut, the alimentary canal (aliment- = "to nourish") is a one-way tube about 7.62 meters (25 feet) in length during life and closer to 10.67 meters (35 feet) in length when measured after death, once smooth muscle tone is lost. In the stomach and intestines, it is a simple columnar epithelium. The epithelium is the innermost layer and it is responsible for most digestive, absorptive, and secretory processes. The structure of these layers varies, in different regions of the digestive system, depending on their function. . Note that during fetal development, certain digestive structures, including the first portion of the small intestine (called the duodenum), the pancreas, and portions of the large intestine (the ascending and descending colon, and the rectum) remain completely or partially posterior to the peritoneum. Organs of the Alimentary Canal The Mouth and Oral cavity. The digestive organs within the abdominal cavity are held in place by the peritoneum, a broad serous membranous sac made up of squamous epithelial tissue surrounded by connective tissue. The mucosa, composed of simple epithelium cells, is the innermost layer of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. If you are the site owner (or you manage this site), please whitelist your IP or if you think this block is an error please open a support ticket and make sure to include the block details (displayed in the box below), so we can assist you in troubleshooting the issue. Even after development is complete, they maintain a connection to the gut by way of ducts. Muscularis mucosaeThis thin layer of smooth muscle is in a constant state of tension, pulling the mucosa of the stomach and small intestine into undulating folds. The submucosal plexus (plexus of Meissner) lies in the submucosal layer and is responsible for regulating digestive secretions and reacting to the presence of food (see Figure 23.1.2). The main function of the organs of the alimentary canal is to nourish the body. When you consider that the alimentary canal is exposed to foodborne bacteria and other foreign matter, it is not hard to appreciate why the immune system has evolved a means of defending against the pathogens encountered within it. https://openstax.org/books/anatomy-and-physiology-2e/pages/1-introduction, https://openstax.org/books/anatomy-and-physiology-2e/pages/23-1-overview-of-the-digestive-system, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, Blood supplies digestive organs with oxygen and processed nutrients, Endocrine hormones help regulate secretion in digestive glands and accessory organs, Skin helps protect digestive organs and synthesizes vitamin D for calcium absorption, Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue and other lymphatic tissue defend against entry of pathogens; lacteals absorb lipids; and lymphatic vessels transport lipids to bloodstream, Skeletal muscles support and protect abdominal organs, Sensory and motor neurons help regulate secretions and muscle contractions in the digestive tract, Respiratory organs provide oxygen and remove carbon dioxide, Bones help protect and support digestive organs, Kidneys convert vitamin D into its active form, allowing calcium absorption in the small intestine, Apron-like structure that lies superficial to the small intestine and transverse colon; a site of fat deposition in people who are overweight, Anchors the liver to the anterior abdominal wall and inferior border of the diaphragm, Suspends the stomach from the inferior border of the liver; provides a pathway for structures connecting to the liver, Vertical band of tissue anterior to the lumbar vertebrae and anchoring all of the small intestine except the initial portion (the duodenum), Attaches two portions of the large intestine (the transverse and sigmoid colon) to the posterior abdominal wall, Identify the organs of the alimentary canal from proximal to distal, and briefly state their function, Identify the accessory digestive organs and briefly state their function, Describe the four fundamental tissue layers of the alimentary canal, Contrast the contributions of the enteric and autonomic nervous systems to digestive system functioning, Explain how the peritoneum anchors the digestive organs.
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