The Hydrodynamic Radii of Macromolecules and Their Effect on Red Blood Cell Aggregation. Figure3 shows a magnified image of human cadaver skin with microchannels formed by the microporation device (250kHz) and the skin closure over time. Drug Deliv Syst. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted Epub 2017 Jun 1. Table 2 shows that comparing the intrinsic viscosity data obtained from the Huggins method and the Solomon-Ciuta single-point method, a similar values are obtained and the %RE is lower for low Mw and it increases for higher Mw. Herwadkar A, Banga AK. Although, intrinsic viscosity is a molecular parameter that can be interpreted in terms of molecular conformation, it does not offer as high resolution on molecular structure as other methods such as Light Scattering, Circular Dichroism, Sedimentation Velocity, Sedimentation Equilibrium, Size Exclusion Chromatography Coupled to Multi-Angle Laser Light Scattering (SEC-MALLS), High-performance Size Exclusion Chromatography (HPSEC), Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC), NMR, X-rays, etc. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40824-020-00201-7, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40824-020-00201-7. The measurements of dextrans molecular weight were determined by size exclusion HPLC (Gilson, France) with Refraction Index detector using a Polysep-GFC-P5000 column (7.8030 mm). Microporation was performed 2, 5, and 10 times on each sample. WebDextran 40 Pharmaceutical Quality. These constants can be determined experimentally by measuring the intrinsic viscosity of several polymer samples for which the molecular weight has been determined by an independent method (i.e. National Library of Medicine The effect of branching is best recognized from the molecular weight dependencies of []. Each skin pores was captured using a microscope and the obtained images were analyzed using ImageJ software (National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, USA). Kirkland, J. J.; Dilks, C. H.; Rementer, S. W. (1992). The calculation of Mark-Houwink parameters is carried out by the graphic representation of the following equation: where kMH (cm3/g) and a are Mark-Houwink constants, depending on the type of polymer, solvent, and temperature of intrinsic viscosity determinations [46]. Journal Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech., 97, 295-301. Solutions of dextrans and blue dextrans (0.21.0 g/L) were prepared in 0.200 M NaCl (aq). For simplicity, macromolecules are treated as rigid molecules for a hydrodynamic study. ; Veldhuis, T.F.J. Characterization and Classification of Dextrans from Ninety-six Strains of Bacteria. Determination of branching in biopolymers by size exclusion chromatography with light scattering (Malls), viscosity, and refractive index detection. Webdextran fraction and the final product depend on changes in the hydrodynamic volume of the molecules after substitution. Webdextran hydrodynamic radius. Chem. Ultimately they concluded that the temperature increment found to be an effective force in disturbing these interactions, mainly between polymer-polymer and polymer-solvent molecules for the used system. The values of Mark-Houwink parameters could be universalized with certain precautions, being an indication for the calculation of molecular weight in the temperature range of 20-40C. Microporations were performed 2, 5, and 10 times and the skin damage was confirmed using the TEWL measurement. Biological skin substitutes for wound cover and closure. WebFluorescein isothiocyanatedextran average mol wt 60,000-76,000; CAS Number: 60842-46-8; Synonyms: FITCDextran; find Sigma-Aldrich-FD70S MSDS, related peer-reviewed papers, technical documents, similar products & more at Sigma-Aldrich In a good solvent, which shows a zero or negative heat of mixing with the polymer, the molecule is less-extended, and the intrinsic viscosity is high. Markierte Dextrane sind hydrophile Polysaccharide, die hufig in mikroskopischen Studien zur berwachung der Zellteilung, zum Verfolgen der Bewegung von lebenden Zellen und zur Untersuchung der hydrodynamischen Eigenschaften der zytoplasmatischen Matrix verwendet werden. Barshtein, G.; Tamir, I.; Yedgar, S. (1998). (2007). Although we didnt conduct assay for inflammation, we could not find any inflammation symptoms such as redness, blisters, cracked, and thickening. Careers. Santoro MM, Gaudino G. Cellular and molecular facets of keratinocyte reepithelization during. Molecular weight, molecular weight distribution and molecular size of a native dextran. Bahary, W.S. Webdextran hydrodynamic radius. ; Ross-Murphy, S.B. ; Fran, H.P. Carbohydrate Polymers, 78, 902-907. Biophysical Journal, 27, 177-181. In contrast to linear chains, power law behavior is observed only asymptotically at large Mv. WebR H Hydrodynamic radius [m] The basic DLS setup. Figure5 shows the cumulative amount of the FITC-dextran (M.W. One day before the experiment, the skin was stabilized in the skin culture medium. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the 2016;47:15964. The intrinsic viscosity can be easily calculated by the Solomon-Ciuta single-point equation [44, 45]. ; Yevlampieva N.P. Thus, typically, the dextran glomerular for a molecule with a Stokes-Einstein (SE) radius of 30 is approximately sevenfold higher than that of neutral horseradish SEC of mono-carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) in a wide range of pH, MarkHouwink constants. When applied to adherent cell cultures, the APGD-t is capable of inducing temporary cell permeabilization. Surface morphology study of dextran by scanning electron microscopy showed the porous web like structure. Because of the recent animal protection rules which have restricted animal experiments [19], we used human cadaver skin as an alternative to animals. The important role of thermodynamic interaction parameter in the determination of theta temperature, dextran/water system. ; Ghosh, T.K. The microporation device based on radiofrequency can be used to enhance delivery efficiency by removing the epidermis layer. (more or less, with a hydrodynamic radius of less than 100 nm) to cross from the vasculature into the interstitium. Pamis, R.; Hernndez Cifre, J. G.; Lpez Martnez, M.C. The molecular mass of dextran as determined by the gel filtration and copper bicinchoninate method was approximately, 800 kDa. Hi Sir Alexander Malm , Thank you very much! Really appreciate your help! Macromolecules. Keywords: 2018 Aug 9;23(8):1984. doi: 10.3390/molecules23081984. Ther. European Polymer Journal, 37, 619-622. Doke SK, Dhawale SC. Colloid and Polymer Science, 286, 1223-1231. NCI CPTC Antibody Characterization Program. The micropore formed at the SC through to the epidermis, enabling drug delivery. GPC Symp. For a limited temperature range, the viscosity of a polymer solution varies generally following a relation similar to that of usual liquids (rrhenius plot), where the polymer concentration is not very high and that temperature remains far enough from glass transition [38], and for system PEAorganic solvents see reference [63]. Carbohydrate Polymers, 38, 267-271. After 8h, the micropore became more distorted from the previous circle, suggesting that the micropores were closing. Dextran theta temperature between 43.14 and 44.44C for all the range of molecular weights explains the deviation at 45 and 50C [36, 37]. The correct way to interpret what Mark-Houwink parameters is determined graphically ln [] versus ln Mw, where Mw is the molecular weight provided by manufacturer, and calculate the percentage relative error (%RE) respect to Mw. Im Tiefkhlgert (-5 bis -30C) lagern und vor Licht schtzen. WebFluorescent and biotinylated dextrans are routinely employed to trace neuronal projections. dextran hydrodynamic radius. 2019;9(3-S):9726. The skin culture medium was purchased from Biopredic International (Saint-Grgoire, France). Dextran (DX) is one type of EPS synthesized by LAB in the presence of sucrose (R g), radius of hydrodynamic (R h), polymer conformation parameter ( = R g /R h), intrinsic viscosity ([]), Mark-Houwink coefficient () and branching degree of DXs of RPYs prepared under different conditions. Kloster, C.; Bica C.; Rochas C.; Samios, D.; Geissler, E. (2000). Determination of intrinsic viscosities of macromolecules and nanoparticles. These modifications include degradation of hemidesmosomes attached to the dermis, degradation of desmosomes linked to adjacent cells, contraction of intracellular tonofilament, and lamellipodia formation. Gekko, K. (1971). Hydrodynamic radii were measured using Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) in a Malvern Zetasizer NanoZS DLS (Malvern Instruments, Malvern, UK) at high scattering angle (173) to minimise the effects of dust and supramolecular contamination (NIBS, 173). The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Characterization of high molecular weight dextran produced by Weissella cibaria CMGDEX3. Calculation of MarkHouwinkSakurada (MHS) equation viscometric constants for chitosan in any solventtemperatura system using experimental reported viscometric constants data. Google Scholar. Springer Editions. Rissmann R, Oudshoorn MHM, Hennink WE, Ponec M, Bouwstra JA. Mark-Houwink values confirm that for these conditions dextrans behave as rigid spheres with a tendency at compaction as temperature increases. Kasaai, Mohammad R. (2012). Terms and Conditions, In order to confirm the molecular weight the gel permeation chromatography (GPC) for standard dextrans is used in a range of molecular weights from 8.8 to 2000kDa and these correspond to the following equation. 2012;101(8):28619. Figure 3 shows that the parameters vary with temperature, evidencing a clear functionality of them. Materiaux 1-5. Challenges in analysis of high-molar mass dextrans: Comparison of HPSEC, AsFlFFF and DOSY NMR spectroscopy. It has been found that, when applied to water treatment, it can effectively act on refractory organic matter in wastewater through thermal decomposition and water molecular action to produce free J. Braz. eCollection 2018 Feb. Molecules. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! 1905/05) for their financial support. In Vitro Evaluation of Postbiotics Produced from Bacterial Isolates Obtained from Rainbow Trout and Nile Tilapia against the Pathogens, Dextran-Mimetic Quantum Dots for Multimodal Macrophage Imaging, Isolation of lactic acid bacteria starters from, Characterization of Antibacterial Cell-Free Supernatant from Oral Care Probiotic. As well as being able to measure hydrodynamic radius in the Zetasizer (if you have access to one), it's also provided with a calculator that allows If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. Not for use in diagnostic procedures. Deng H, Konopka CJ, Prabhu S, Sarkar S, Medina NG, Fayyaz M, Arogundade OH, Vidana Gamage HE, Shahoei SH, Nall D, Youn Y, Dobrucka IT, Audu CO, Joshi A, Melvin WJ, Gallagher KA, Selvin PR, Nelson ER, Dobrucki LW, Swanson KS, Smith AM. The qM-H values given by equation 13, these vary from 0.9993 to 0.9841 for the range between 8.8 to 200kDa in a temperature range of 20 to 40C. (2003). dextran hydrodynamic radius. Guner, Ali (1999). Figure4 shows the histological analysis of micropores in human cadaver skin. Dextran Utilization During Its Synthesis by Weissella cibaria RBA12 Can Be Overcome by Fed-Batch Fermentation in a Bioreactor. 2015;23(3):2239. Lpez Martnez, M. C.; Daz Baos, F. G.; Ortega Retuerta, A.; Garca de , J. Journal of Colloid Science, 31, 308-328. A sugar cane native dextran as an innovative functional excipient for the development of pharmaceutical tablets. Viscosity, sedimentation, and light-scattering properties of fraction of an acidhydrolyzed dextran. Polymer molecular weight distribution. WebThe study of biopolymers as dextran in aqueous solution, is effectively determined by intrinsic viscosity [] measurements at different temperatures. Hindered diffusion of dextran and ficoll in microporous membranes. The measurements of the transepidermal water loss (TEWL) were taken using the Tewameter (Courage-Khazaka Electronic GmbH, Cologne, Germany) to evaluate the skin barrier function after microporation. WebTry out PMC Labs and tell us what you think. 43-1, 115-147. Microporation was performed 2 times on each sample. These vibrations heat the skin tissue, triggering water vapor and cell ablation, forming microchannels from the SC through to the outer dermis. Leiva, Angel; Muoz, Natalia; Urza, Marcela; Gargallo, Ligia; Radic, Deodato (2010). J. Braz. Naik A, Kalia YN, Guy RH. (1954). Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. WebDextran 670 GPC Standard Normative Mw - 670000 Da GPC standards can be used for calibration and molecular weight determination. The particular dextrans which were used initially for conversion into synthetic blood-volume expanders [6, 7], human red blood cells aggregation for increasing the degree of polymerization and hence the molecular weight [8, 9, 10], hydrogels and microspheres [11], in drug transport system and its modifications as nanoparticles [12], in the removal through absorption of contaminant effluents such as heavy metals, organic molecules and inks [13], in the formation of biodegradable films [14, 15]. Ibrahim O, Munavalli GS, Dover JS. J. 151-166. Named after George Gabriel Stokes, it is closely related to solute mobility, factoring in not only size but also solvent effects.A smaller ion with stronger hydration, for example, may have a greater Stokes radius than a larger ion with Differences were considered statistically significant at p <0.05. A lot of research has been devoted to dextrans modification in order to describe special characteristics relevant to specific applications such as surfactants [16], as visible marker [17], polysaccharides-based nanoparticles, covalent crosslinking [18], ionic crosslinking, polyelectrolyte complex, and the self-assembly of hydrophobically modified polysaccharides, and hydrophilic modified polysaccharides [19]. Nat Biotechnol. High Manufacturing Standards of Molecular Probes Dextrans. WebDiffusivity of 2000 kDa Dextran was significantly lower for both hydrogel formulations, but was insensitive to collagen concentration, likely due to a larger hydrodynamic diameter (d h ~ 70 nm) on order of the collagen mesh size. (2000). (2006). Radiofrequency is a well-known medical technique with expanded application in electrosurgery for laparoscopic medical procedures and in dermatology, for sebaceous glands ablation in acne treatment [12, 13], and treatment of photoaging skin symptoms, including wrinkles and hyperpigmentation [14]. ; Grishchenko, A.E. Fixable: Fixable via Lysine. The Viscosity of Dilute Solutions of Long-Chain Molecules. B 113, 8020-8025. The enhanced permeability through micropores was confirmed by Franz diffusion cell. Increased epidermal laser fluence through simultaneous ultrasonic microporation. Human skins (Full-thickness human skin) were supplied by HansBiomed. A few percent of R (13) glucosidic linkages provides side chains which appear to be short. Many works are aimed at determining molecular weights [1, 7, 26], hydrodynamic radius, among other parameters for characterizing the physics and chemistry properties of dextran in solution. Transdermal drug delivery is an attractive alternative that addresses the limitations of oral and parenteral routes of drug administration; it enables controlled release and long-term systemic drug delivery through the skin, avoids hepatic first-pass effect, avoids gastrointestinal drug degradation, reduces discomfort and trauma resulting from hypodermic injections, and prevents safety hazards associated with dangerous medical waste from needles [1, 2]. This conjecture found to be correct. Granath, K. A. 4K, b M.W. (1937). Critical parameters for gel permeation Biodegradable dextran hydrogels crosslinked by stereocomplex formation for the controlled release of pharmaceutical proteins. The Principle of the Suspended Level: Applications to the Measurement of Viscosity and Other Properties of Liquids. A simple way of universalizing the measurements is shown in figure 4 where there is a curve at each temperature for every molecular weight. This device can generate microchannels from the SC through to the outer dermis and allow transdermal delivery of active agents.
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